HCG

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) is a glycoprotein hormone naturally produced during pregnancy. In therapeutic contexts, hCG is used to treat fertility issues in both men and women by mimicking luteinizing hormone (LH) activity. [1][2]

hCG binds to LH/hCG receptors in the gonads, stimulating testosterone production in men and supporting ovulation in women. The hormone consists of an alpha subunit (shared with LH, FSH, and TSH) and a unique beta subunit that provides its specific biological activity. [3]

In males, hCG administration can help maintain testicular function during testosterone replacement therapy or restore natural testosterone production. In females, it's primarily used alongside fertility treatments to trigger ovulation. Clinical applications extend to treating hypogonadism and supporting spermatogenesis. [4][5]

Fertility and Reproductive Health

• Triggers ovulation in women undergoing fertility treatments [1]
• Stimulates testosterone production in men with hypogonadism [2]
• Maintains testicular size and function during TRT [3]
• Supports spermatogenesis and fertility in men [4]

Hormonal Balance

• Mimics luteinizing hormone (LH) activity [5]
• Helps restore natural testosterone production [2]
• Supports endogenous hormone production [3]

Metabolic Effects

• May support weight management when combined with calorie restriction (controversial) [6]
• Influences metabolic processes through hormonal signaling [7]

Clinical Applications

• FDA-approved for specific fertility indications [1]
• Used in testosterone optimization protocols [3]
• Treatment for cryptorchidism in young males [8]

Common Side Effects:

• Injection site reactions (pain, redness, swelling)
• Headache and fatigue
• Mood changes and irritability
• Gynecomastia (breast tissue development in men)
• Acne and oily skin
• Water retention and edema [1][2]

Serious Risks:

• Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in women [3]
• Blood clots and thromboembolism
• Multiple pregnancy risk
• Allergic reactions
• Cardiovascular complications in susceptible individuals [4]

Contraindications:

• Pregnancy (except for fertility treatment)
• Hormone-sensitive cancers (prostate, breast)
• Active thrombophlebitis
• Precocious puberty
• Prior allergic reaction to hCG [5]

Important Considerations:

• Requires medical supervision and monitoring
• Blood tests needed to track hormone levels
• Not appropriate for weight loss without medical oversight
• May affect hormone-dependent conditions
• Can interfere with pregnancy tests [6]

Drug Interactions:

• May interact with fertility medications
• Can affect thyroid function tests
• Potential interactions with hormone therapies [7]