Melanotan I

Melanotan I (Afamelanotide) is a synthetic peptide analogue of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). It is FDA-approved under the brand name Scenesse for the treatment of erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP), a rare genetic disorder causing severe photosensitivity. Unlike Melanotan II, Melanotan I is a linear peptide and has a different mechanism and safety profile.

FDA-Approved Uses

• Erythropoietic Protoporphyria (EPP): Only FDA-approved treatment for EPP, reducing photosensitivity
• Photoprotection: Increases melanin production to protect against UV damage
• Skin Pigmentation: Induces tanning without UV exposure

Research Areas

• Vitiligo: Studied for repigmentation therapy
• Polymorphous Light Eruption: Potential photoprotective therapy
• Actinic Keratosis: Under investigation for skin cancer prevention

Clinical Safety Profile

Melanotan I (Afamelanotide) has undergone extensive clinical trials and has FDA approval for specific indications.

Common Side Effects

• Nausea (mild to moderate)
• Headache
• Fatigue
• Skin hyperpigmentation (expected therapeutic effect)
• Darkening of existing moles

Important Distinctions from Melanotan II

• Linear vs Cyclic: MT-1 is a linear peptide, MT-II is cyclic
• MC1R Selective: More selective for MC1R receptor (tanning)
• No Sexual Effects: Does not affect MC4R (no libido/erectile effects like MT-II)
• FDA Approved: Scenesse is approved for EPP treatment
• Better Safety Profile: Generally considered safer than MT-II

Contraindications

• Pregnancy and breastfeeding
• Known hypersensitivity to the compound
• Liver impairment (caution advised)

Regulatory Status

• FDA Approved (as Scenesse) for EPP in the United States
• EMA Approved in Europe for EPP treatment
• Prescription-only medication